{"id":2698,"date":"2021-10-25T08:46:54","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T08:46:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/marcos-legales\/"},"modified":"2024-02-29T11:08:01","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T11:08:01","slug":"legal-frameworks","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/legal-frameworks\/","title":{"rendered":"Legal Frameworks"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2698\" class=\"elementor elementor-2698 elementor-1248\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ab8b224 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ab8b224\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4db69fe9\" data-id=\"4db69fe9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dccad14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"4dccad14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1301\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1301\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1301\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1301\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/code_of_conduct_for_law_enforcement_officials-1.pdf\">Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/principles_on_effective_prevention_and_investigation_of_extra-legal_arbitrary_and_summary_executions.pdf\">Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/guidelines_on_the_role_of_prosecutors-1.pdf\">Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/basic_principles_on_the_independence_of_the_judiciary-1.pdf\">Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/the_beijing_rules-1.pdf\">United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (\u201cThe Beijing Rules\u201d)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/safeguards-guaranteeing-protection-of-the-rights-of-those-facing-the-death-penalty.pdf\">Safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/principles_on_effective_investigation_and_documentation_of_torture_and_other_cruel_inhuman_or_degrading_treatment_or_punishment.pdf\">Principles on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/standard_minimum_rules_for_treatment_prisoners.pdf\">Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/basic_principles_for_treatment_prisoners.pdf\">Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/body_of_principles_for_protection_all_persons_under_any_form_of_detention_or_imprisonment.pdf\">Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/body_of_principles_for_protection_all_persons_under_any_form_of_detention_or_imprisonment.pdf\">United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/guidelines_on_the_role_of_prosecutors-1-1.pdf\">Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1302\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1302\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">FAIR TRIAL<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1302\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1302\"><h4>International criminal law standards<\/h4><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/statute_international_tribunal_for_the_former_yugoslavia_articles_20_21.doc\">Statute of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/statute_international_tribunal_for_rwanda_articles_19_20.doc\">Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Genocide and Other Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of Rwanda and Rwandan Citizens<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/statute_international_criminal_court_articles_55_66_67.doc\">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h4>\u00a0<\/h4><h4>Regional systems for the protection of human rights<\/h4><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>African system<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/guidelines_and_measures_on_resolution_on_the_robben_island_guidelines.doc\">Guidelines and Measures for the Prohibition and Prevention of Torture, Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment in Africa<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/principles_and_guidelines_on_resolution_on_right_to_fair_trial_and_legal_aid_in_africa.doc\">Principles and guidelines on the right to a fair trial and legal assistance in Africa<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/african_charter_on_human_and_peoples_rights_articles_6_7.doc\">African charter on human and peoples\u2019 rights<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/resolution_on_right_to_fair_trial_and_legal_aid_in_africa.doc\">Resolution on the Right to Fair Trial and Legal Aid in Africa<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/resolution_on_the_robben_island_guidelines.doc\">Resolution on guidelines and measures for the prohibition and prevention of torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in Africa<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>European system<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_for_protection_human_rights_and_fundamental_freedoms_articles_5_to_7.doc\">Convention for the Protection of Human Rightsand Fundamental Freedoms, as amended by Protocols No. 11 and 14<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/additional_protocol_n_7_articles_2_to_4.doc\">Protocol no. 7 to the convention for the protection of human rightsand fundamental freedoms, as amended by protocol no. 11<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>Interamerican system<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/american_declaration_on_rights_and_duties_of_man_articles_18_25_26.doc\">American declaration of the rights and duties of man<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/american_convention_on_human_rights_articles_7_to_10.doc\">American convention on human rights \u201cpact of San Jose, Costa Rica\u201d<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h4>\u00a0<\/h4><h4>Universal system for the protection of human rights<\/h4><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>Instrument of a general nature<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/universal_declaration_of_human_rights_articles_8_to_11.doc\">Universal declaration of human rights<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_against_torture_and_others_cruel_inhuman_or_degrading_treatment_or_punishment_articles_14_15.doc\">Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/international_convenant_on_civil_and_political_rights_articles_9_10_14_15.doc\">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Instrument of a specific nature<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/guidelines_on_the_role_of_prosecutors-2.pdf\">Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/basic_principles_on_the_independence_of_the_judiciary.pdf\">Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/declaration_of_basic_principles_of_justice_for_victims_of_crime_and_abuse_of_power.pdf\">Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/code_of_conduct_for_law_enforcement_officials.pdf\">Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/the_beijing_rules.pdf\">United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (\u201cThe Beijing Rules\u201d)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/safeguards_guaranteeing_protection_of_the_rights_of_those_facing_the_death_penalty.pdf\">Safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/body_of_principles_for_protection_all_persons_under_any_form_of_detention_or_imprisonment-1.pdf\">Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/geneva_convention_iv_relative_to_protection_of_civilian_persons_in_time_of_war_articles_64_to_78.doc\">Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/geneva_convention_iii_relative_to_treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_articles_99_to_108.doc\">Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949., Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva, 12 August 1949.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/guidelines_on_the_role_of_prosecutors.pdf\">Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1303\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1303\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1303\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1303\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/charter_united_nations.pdf\">Charter of the United Nations<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1304\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1304\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1304\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1304\"><h4>Regional instruments<\/h4><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>General<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><em><strong>African<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/protocol_african_charter_human_and_peoples_rights_on_the_establishment_of_an_african_court_on_human_and_peoples_rights.pdf\">Protocol to the african charter on human and peoples\u2019 rights on the establishmentof an african court on human and peoples\u2019 rights<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/african_charter_on_human_and_peoples_rights.pdf\">African charter on human and peoples\u2019 rights<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><em><strong>American<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/american_declaration_on_rights_and_duties_of_man.pdf\">American declaration of the rights and duties of man<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><em><strong>Europeans<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_for_protection_human_rights_and_fundamental_freedoms.doc\">Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, as amended by Protocols No. 11 and 14<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/charter_fundamental_rights_european_union.pdf\">Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>Specialised<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><em><strong>American<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/protocol_american_convention_on_human_rights_to_abolish_death_penalty-1.pdf\">Protocol to the american convention on human rights to abolish the death penalty<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convencion_interamericana_sobre_desaparicion_forzada_personas.pdf\">Convenci\u00f3n interamericana sobre desaparici\u00f3n forzada de personas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/inter_american_convention_on_forced_disappearance_of_persons-1.pdf\">Inter-american convention on forced disappearance of persons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/american_convention_to_prevent_and_punish_torture-1.doc\">Inter-american convention to prevent and punish torture<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><em><strong>Europeans<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/european_convention_for_prevention_torture_and_inhuman_or_degrading_treatment_or_punishment.doc\">European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h4>Universal instruments<\/h4><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>General<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/international_convenant_on_civil_and_political_rights.doc\">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/universal_declaration_of_human_rights.doc\">Universal declaration of human rights<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/international_convenant_on_economic_social_and_cultural_rights.pdf\">International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/optional_protocol_international_convenant_on_civil_and_political_rights.pdf\">Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>Specialised<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/second_optional_protocol_international_convenant_on_civil_and_political_rights_aiming_at_abolition_death_penalty.pdf\">Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_against_torture_and_others_cruel_inhuman_or_degrading_treatment_or_punishment.pdf\">Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/optional_protocol_convention_against_torture_and_others_cruel_inhuman_or_degrading_treatment_or_punishment.pdf\">Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/international_convention_on_elimination_all_forms_racial_discrimination.pdf\">International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/international_convention_for_protection_persons_from_enforced_disappearance.pdf\">International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1305\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1305\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1305\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1305\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/principles_of_international_co_operation_in_detection_arrest_extradition_and_punishment_of_persons_guilty_of_war_crimes_and_crimes_against_humanity.doc\">Principles of international co-operation in the detection, arrest, extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/geneva_conventions_article_iii.doc\">Geneva conventions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/protocol_additional_ii_to_geneva_conventions_relating_to_protection_of_victims_of_non_international_armed_conflicts.pdf\">Protocol additional to the geneva conventions of 12 august 1949, and relating to the protection of victims of non-international armed conflicts<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_prevention_and_punishment_of_the_crime_of_genocide.pdf\">Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_non_applicability_of_statutory_limitations_to_war_crimes_and_crimes_against_humanity.pdf\">Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1306\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1306\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1306\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1306\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/regulations_of_the_court_icc.pdf\">Regulation of the court ICC<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/rules_of_procedure_and_evidence_icc.pdf\">Rules of Procedure and Evidence<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/rome_statute_international_criminal_court.doc\">Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/principles_of_international_law_recognized_in_charter_nuremberg_tribunal_and_in_judgment_of_tribunal-1.doc\">Principles of International Law Recognized in the Charter of the N\u00fcremberg Tribunal and in the Judgment of the Tribunal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/affirmation_of_the_principles_of_international_law_recognized_in_charter_nuremberg_tribunal_and_in_judgment_of_tribunal.doc\">Affirmation of the Principles of International Law recognised by the Charter of the N\u00fcremberg Tribunal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elements_of_crimes_icc.pdf\">Elements of crimes ICC<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/agreement_for_prosecution_and_punishment_major_war_criminals_european_axis_and_charter_international_military_tribunal.doc\">Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis, and Charter of the International Military Tribunal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/statute_international_tribunal_for_the_former_yugoslavia.doc\">Statute International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/statute_international_tribunal_for_rwanda.doc\">Statute International Tribunal for Rwanda<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1307\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1307\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1307\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1307\"><h4>International jurisprudence<\/h4><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/certain_criminal_proceedings_in_france_icj.pdf\">Case concerning certain criminal proceedings in France (Republic of the Congo v. France)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/yerodia_ndombasi_case_icj.pdf\">Yerodia Ndombasi case<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/affaire_ely_ould_dah_cedh.doc\">Ely Ould Dah case: Ely Ould Dah v. France, European Court of Human Rights, judgment of 17 March 2009<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h4>Origins<\/h4><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/principles_of_international_law_recognized_in_charter_nuremberg_tribunal_and_in_judgment_of_tribunal.doc\">Principles of International Law Recognized in the Charter of the N\u00fcremberg Tribunal and in the Judgment of the Tribunal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/martens_clause.doc\">Martens Clause (The Hague Conventions 1899 and 1907)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/geneva_conventions_i_articles_49_50_ii_article_50_iii_article_129_iv_article_146.doc\">Geneva Conventions, 12 August 1949 Convention (I) for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_prevention_and_punishment_of_the_crime_of_genocide_articles_v_to_vii.doc\">Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 9 December 1948<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_non_applicability_of_statutory_limitations_to_war_crimes_and_crimes_against_humanity_preamble_articles_ii_to_iv.doc\">Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h4>Sources<\/h4><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_against_torture_and_others_cruel_inhuman_or_degrading_treatment_or_punishment_articles_5_to_9.doc\">Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/customary_international_humanitarian_law_2005_rules_156_to_161-1.doc\">Customary international humanitarian law 2005<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1308\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1308\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PROTECTION OF CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF PERSONS<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1308\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1308\"><h4>Universal system for the protection of human rights<\/h4><p><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\"><strong>Children<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_rights_of_the_child.pdf\">Convention on the Rights of the Child Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General<\/a><\/li><li>Assembly resolution 44\/25 of 20 November 1989<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/optional_protocol_convention_on_rights_of_the_child_on_involvement_children_in_armed_conflict.doc\">Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/optional_protocol_convention_on_rights_of_the_child_on_sale_children_child_prostitution_and_child_pornography.pdf\">Optional protocol to the convention on the rights of the child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Human rights defenders<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/declaration_on_the_right_and_responsibility_of_individuals.doc\">Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Indigenous peoples and minorities<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/declaration_on_rights_of_indigenous_peoples.doc\">United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/indigenous_and_tribal_peoples_convention_n_169.pdf\">C169 Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Migrant workers<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/international_convention_for_protection_rights_all_migrant_workers_and_members_of_their_families.pdf\">International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">People with disabilities<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_rights_of_persons_with_disabilities.doc\">Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/optional_protocol_convention_on_rights_of_persons_with_disabilities.doc\">Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Refugees<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/protocol_relating_to_status_of_refugees.pdf\">Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_relating_to_status_of_refugees.pdf\">Convention relating to the Status of Refugees<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Womens<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_on_elimination_all_forms_discrimination_against_women.pdf\">Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/convention_political_on_rights_of_women.pdf\">Convention on the Political Rights of Women<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/optional_protocol_convention_on_elimination_all_forms_discrimination_against_women.pdf\">Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/declaration_elimination_of_violence_against_women.pdf\">Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h4>Regional systems for the protection of human rights<\/h4><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">African system<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/oau_convention_governing_specific_aspects_of_refugee_problems_africa.pdf\">OAU convention governing the specific aspects of refugee problems in Africa<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/african_charter_on_rights_and_welfare_of_the_child.pdf\">African charter on the rights and welfare of the child<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/protocol_african_charter_on_human_and_peoples_rights_on_rights_of_women_africa.pdf\">Protocol to the african charter on human and peoples\u2019 rights on the rights of women in africa<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #0272bb;\">Interamerican system<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Inter-american convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against persons with disabilities<\/li><li>Inter-american convention on international traffic in minors<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/inter_american_convention_for_prevention_punishment_eradication_violence_against-1.pdf\">Inter-american convention on the prevention, punishment and eradication of violence against women<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/american_convention_on_elimination_all_forms_discrimination_against_persons_with_disabilities-1.pdf\">Inter-american convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against persons with disabilities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/inter_american_convention_on_international_traffic_in_minors-2.pdf\">Inter-american convention on international traffic in minors<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (\u201cThe Beijing Rules\u201d) Safeguards guaranteeing protection of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2698","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2698"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15883,"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2698\/revisions\/15883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/protect-lawyers.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}